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The Innovation Act of the 113th Congress () is a bill that would change the rules and regulations surrounding patent infringement lawsuits in an attempt to reduce patent lawsuits. This article primarily describes the previous version of this bill in the 113th United States Congress, which was passed by the House on December 5, 2013 but was never passed by the United States Senate. Instead, the Senate responded with several bills, including the Patent Transparency and Improvements Act (S. 1720); in December 2013, the full Senate Judiciary Committee held a hearing on the topic. In May 2014, Senator Patrick Leahy, the Chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee, announced he was "taking the patent bill off () agenda" due to a failure of the House and Senate to "combat the scourge of patent trolls on our economy without burdening the companies and universities who rely on the patent system every day."〔 The bill was reintroduced in the 114th United States Congress in February 2015 by its original sponsor, Rep. Bob Goodlatte (R, VA-6), and by June 9, 2015, it had accumulated 26 cosponsors. ==Background== Patent litigation has significantly increased since 2011, when the Leahy-Smith America Invents Act—the most recent patent law—was passed. The litigation has moved from targeting mostly tech companies to targeting restaurants, grocery stores, and other businesses in non-tech industries, building additional support for a new law.〔 Current law allows patent owners to file complaints that specify what products they think infringe their patents and/or failing to identify specifically which claims from their patents they are asserting. The revelation of such details can be delayed until the discovery phase, which is often expensive. For example, the discovery stage of a single patent case against SAS Institute required the company to produce over 10 million documents, costing the defendant over 1.5 million dollars; the plaintiff ended up identifying fewer than 2000 documents as evidence, and lost by summary judgment. Patent owners currently can sue customers and other end-users using a product that the plaintiff claims violates their patent, sometimes before or ''in lieu'' of the company making the product. Examples include the following: *Patent holder Lodsys targeted users of mobile application development software who were using in-app upgrade features provided by software development kits from Apple and Google. *MPHJ Technology, which claims to own technology for scanning documents to email, demanded companies using that feature pay nearly $1,000 per employee for using it *Innovatio, the holder of a patent claimed to be Wi-Fi-related, targeted coffee shops and hotels offering guests Wi-Fi access. *Personal Audio demanded license payments from podcasters such as Marc Maron who used commercial off-the-shelf software to distribute their podcasts. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Innovation Act」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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